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Thursday, June 25, 2009

The Treasury Bond Market Untangled

By Jon Hill

The market for U.S. Treasury Bonds is receiving more attention recently. The value of the dollar tends to drop when long-term Treasury bonds decline in price. The March 2009 report of the Fed's Flow of Funds shows that there is $14.5 trillion outstanding in mortgage-backed securities, agency securities and Treasury securities.

Foreign countries are heavily invested in U.S. debt as an investment with China being the first holder of U.S. bonds. More than a few economists believe that if China stops buying them, the U.S. economy would face ever increasing interest rates to make U.S. debt more attractive.

With the current out-of-control spending and huge deficit in government, U.S. Treasury securities' real value is the focus of more and more attention. China wants to make sure that their assets are safe, and if there is any question that U.S. credibility is in doubt, the option to liquidate some of their U.S. assets is more likely an option.

If foreign countries refuse to buy U.S. debt, the U.S. Treasury's only other option is to buy Treasury securities, thus increasing the money supply in a dramatic fashion. Interest rates would have to rise in order to attract investors. And, inflation would occur after the Federal Government habitually purchases T-bills. Currently, the Fed has used much money to purchase mortgage-back securities to the tune of $500 billion.

In a normal economic environment, higher interest rates would be associated with the central bank as they try to cool off inflationary pressures associated with an expanding money supply. However, with less demand for Treasuries, higher interest rates to attract buyer demand is the only viable recourse. Yet higher interest would only push an already declining economy, deeper in the hole. Higher interest rates mean a greater burden on the populace resulting in more mortgage defaults and negative pressure on consumer debt.

The record-breaking Treasury offerings out of Washington along with the Fed churning out dollars bills is incredible. The floodgate pushed open by the U.S. Treasury is making bond yields soar. Economists are beginning to wonder who will be purchasing these bonds.

A nation can be destroyed by inflationary deficit spending. Milton Friedman, the famous late economist, gave a warning about inflation being a ''dangerous and sometimes fatal disease''. He believe that it could destroy a society if not checked in time.

China remains the #1 holder of our nation's debt. Economist Milton Friedman warned that the fate of a country could not be separated from ''the fate of its currency''. High inflation and high interest rates are not comforting to an already fragile global economy. The increasing debt boosts bond yields at the same time that the government's budget deficit is not putting on the brakes. - 23210

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